How to find if a compound is polar or nonpolar
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Identify the following compounds as polar covalent or nonpolar covalent: HBr, Cl2, and H2O.
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Answer:
HBr- polar covalent
Cl2 - nonpolar covalent
H2O - polar covalent
Explanation:
Covalent bonds are chemical bonds that holds atoms of elements in such a way that electrons are shared between the atoms. However, based on the electronegativity differences between elements, compounds can either be polar covalent or nonpolar covalent.
Polar covalent bonds are formed when electrons are unevenly shared between two atoms based on difference in their electronegativities i.e. the more electronegative atom pulls more of the electrons. For example, in the case of HBr and H2O, Bromine and Oxygen atoms are more electronegative, hence, they pull more electrons making the electron sharing unequal, hence, a POLAR COVALENT BOND forms.
Non polar covalent bonds, contrarily, occurs when electrons are shared equally or evenly. This is so because the atoms of the elements involved have the same electronegativity. For example, Cl2 contains two atoms of Chlorine (Cl), which has the same electronegativity, hence, electrons between the two atoms are shared equally to form a NONPOLAR COVALENT BOND
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