Answer:
Find the pictures with the questions and the answers attached.
The first picture is the questions. The second picture is the answers
Question 1:
See first drawing of the answers.
- a. The blue horizontal arrow is the effect of inertia
- b. the red vertical arrow is the effect of gravity
- c. the green curved is the path as result from the combined effects of inertia and gravity.
Question 2a:
See second drawing of the answers
- the blue dotted vertical path
Quesetion 2b:
See third drawing of the answers
- the red curved doted path
Explanation:
Question 1.
The first drawing of the answers corresponds to this part.
The effect of the inertia is explained by the First Law of Newton or Law of Inertia: the objects will follow a uniform straight motion unless a force acts on them.
Hence, due to the inertia, the satellite would try to follow a straight path which is indicated by the horizontal blue arrow.
The force of gravity is the pull exerted by the Earth, which changes the motion of the satellite, deviating it from the straight path that it would follow due to the inertia. This effect is indicated on the diagram with the red vertical arrow pointing toward the Earth.
As a result, the satellite will follow a curved path because the gravity changes the path constantly. This effect is indicated by the green curved arrow on the drawing.
Question 2a.
When the ball is allowed to fall from the border of the table, it does not possess an initial speed. Thus its horizontal speed is zero.
As consequence, the path that the ball will follow is determined only by the force of gravity. The force of gravity points vertically downward, pulling the ball straight downward, hence the path is vertical downward. This is indicated in the second drawing by the blue dotted vertical arrow next to the table.
Question 2b.
When the ball is rolled rapidly accross the table, the inertia makes it to follow with a constant horizontal speed.
Once the balls passes the edge of the table, as there is not any horizontal force acting on the ball, the inertia continues and the ball will keep the same horizontal speed.
Nevertheless, as soon as the ball passes the edge of the table, the pull of the gravitational force will cause it to accelerate downward.
The path that the ball will follow is a combination of the vertical and horizontal speeds, so the path will be parabolic, which is indicated by the red curved line next to the table on the third drawing.