What is the correct classification of the conducting materials

Asked by admin @ 13/08/2021 in Chemistry viewed by 364 People

Explain how materials are classified on the basis of electrical conductivity. Give two uses of these materials in day to day life.

Answered by admin @ 13/08/2021

Explanation:

CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS ON THE BASIS OF CONDUCTIVITY

On the basis of conductivity ,the materials can be classified in to following categories:-

(a) Conductors:- These are those materials whose electrical conductivity is very high. Conductors conduct charges very easily . For super-conductor , the value of electrical conductivity is infinite.

Examples. Copper,Silver.Aluminum,Tungsten etc.

(b) Semiconductors:- They are those materials whose electrical conductivity lies in between insulators and conductors . Semiconductors can conduct charges but not so easily as in case of conductivity.

Examples. Germanium.Silicon etc.

(c) Insulators:- These are those materials whose electrical conductivity is either very very small or nil. Insulators do not conduct charges.

Examples. Glass,Rubber,Wood etc.

ELECTRIC CURRENT

Definition. Electric current is defined as the rate of flow of electric charge q, that is

I=q/t

The unit of current is ampere ,A

If the current is not varying with time , then the current is called steady electric or stationary current.

In the conductors ,current is due to motion of electrons .In gases , the charge is carried by electrons and positive ions.In Liquids, the charge is carried by positive and negative ions. In semiconductors ,the movement in charge is due to electrons and holes.

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