Making order out of chaos the modern periodic table

Answer:

Modern Periodic Classification

Law of Modern Periodic Table states that properties of elements are the periodic function of their atomic numbers. In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged in order of their increasing atomic numbers.

Explanation of Modern Periodic Table:

Elements are arranged in order of their increasing atomic numbers.

The vertical columns are known as groups and horizontal columns are known as periods; in the modern periodic table.

There are 18 groups and 7 periods in the modern periodic table.

Elements having same number of valence electrons are placed in the same group. For example; elements having valence electrons equal to 1 are placed in the 1st group, elements having valence electrons equal to 3 are placed in the 13th group, elements having valence electrons equal to 2 are placed in 2nd group except helium which is placed in 18th group, since it is an inert gas.

Elements having same number of shells are placed in the same period

Trends in Modern Periodic Table:

Valence electrons:

Number of valence electron remains the same while moving from top to bottom in a group.

Number of valence electron increases while moving from left to right in a period.

Valency:

Valency remains the same on moving from top to bottom in a group.

Valency first increases upto 4 on moving from left to right in a group and then decreases upto zero.

Atomic size:

Atomic size:Atomic size increases on moving from top to bottom in a group and decreases on moving from left to right in a period.

atomic raadii : radius increases on moving from top to bottom in a group and decreases on moving from left to right in a period.

Metallic character of elements: Metallic character decreases on moving from left to right in a period.

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